Iran Human Rights (IHRNGO); 14 September 2026: At least one hundred protesters arrested in connection with the January 2026 protests are currently at risk of the death penalty in Iran. They include at least five children and five women. The cases documented in thirteen provinces represent a fraction of protesters currently at risk.
Since 18 March, the Islamic Republic has executed 31 protesters (29 arrested in connection to the January protests and two “Woman, Life, Freedom” protesters), in addition to thirteen political prisoners affiliated with banned opposition groups, and fourteen people for espionage or collaboration with the foreign states. This is the highest number of political prisoners executed within such a short timeframe since the 1980s.
Drawing attention to the at least one hundred protesters who have been sentenced to death in Iran, IHRNGO calls on the international community, particularly countries who maintain diplomatic relations with the Islamic Republic, to make an immediate halt to all executions a central demand in any dialogue with the Iranian authorities.
IHRNGO Director, Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam stated: “These protesters have been sentenced to death by Revolutionary Courts following proceedings that fail to meet minimum fair-trial standards. They are being prosecuted within a system where torture and other forms of ill-treatment are systematically used to extract confessions, and where coerced confessions are routinely used as evidence in death penalty cases. They are at grave and imminent execution. Their lives depend on raising the political cost of these executions through coordinated campaigns and sustained international pressure.”
According to data gathered by IHRNGO, at least one hundred protesters have been sentenced to death in connection to the January 2026 nationwide protests. Of those, five were under the age of 18 at the time of their alleged offences and five are women. It should be noted that while the protests swept across all 31 provinces in the country, the cases documented in this report originate from only thirteen.
Only five of the one hundred cases documented in this report have been announced by official sources. Two were revealed by defence lawyers speaking to domestic media (Emtedad). 66 cases were verified by IHRNGO, and the remaining 27 were reported by other human rights organisations. As a result of the Islamic Republic’s lack of transparency, the numbers cited in this report are an absolute minimum.
As all protest cases are considered matters of national security, defendants are systematically denied access to lawyers of their choosing and must instead choose a lawyer from a government-approved list per the Note to Article 48 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP). On 16 May, IHRNGO warned that the Islamic Republic's judiciary is actively weaponising these state-approved lawyers to facilitate and expedite the execution of arrested protesters.
Furthermore, the organisation has documented the systemic use of torture and serious violations of due process rights and fair trial guarantees. State media have broadcast forced confessions from hundreds of protesters, in most cases prior to the commencement of legal proceedings. Moreover, families of death row prisoners are not only routinely silenced through threats and coercion to prevent them from speaking out about their loved ones, but in many cases, are also arrested to exert pressure on protesters to extract false confessions.
At least 29 men have been executed in connection to the protests since 19 March. Hundreds of other protesters are also facing death penalty charges and sentences across Iranian prisons.
The following list is limited to protesters who have, at a minimum, received a death sentence in preliminary proceedings. The status of each case is updated based on the latest available information.
ISFAHAN PROVINCE
On 21 July, IHRNGO reported that more than 70 protesters were on death row in Isfahan (Dastgerd) Central Prison. Abolfazl Sepahi Badjani, Amirhossein Safari and Ghaem Hosseini have been executed since the publication of the list. Below are 31 of the protesters whose identities have been established:

Age: 25
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh (enmity against God) and efsad-fil-arz (corruption on earth)
Status: Sentenced upheld. Article 477 (judicial review) application filed. On 11 September, it was reported that he had been transferred to solitary confinement.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 22Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO

Age: 20
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO

Age: 19
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO

Age: 20
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 18
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 28
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 28
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO

Age: 17 or 18
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 17
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 23
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 22
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 23
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 23
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 30
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Charges related to the death of two IRGC forces
Status: Death sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO

Age: 27
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh with intent to create fear and terror and action against national security
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Shervin Semsarzadeh is a business management graduate from the Shahrake Naft neighbourhood in Tehran. He was visiting his sister in Isfahan during the January protests when security forces shot him in the leg and arrested him on 9 January. He was held incommunicado for three months where coerced confessions were extracted from him. Shervin has been denied adequate medical treatment, including a necessary leg surgery.
A source close to the family told IHRNGO: “His family had heard he was wounded but had no news of him because throughout the interrogation phase, he was denied phone calls and visits. Just a week before his transfer to prison, he called for less than a minute to say, 'I am in detention and I am fine.'"
Shervin was tried by Branch 1 of the Isfahan Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Mohammadreza Tavakoli on 7 July. He was sentenced to death on charges of “moharebeh with intent to create fear and terror and action against national security.” He was informed of the verdict on 5 August. His case is currently pending at the Supreme Court.

Age: 17
Prison: Isfahan juvenile detention center
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death in the same case as executed protester Abbas Akbari Feizabadi
Source: Tavaana
Age: 22
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
The cases detailed below are in addition to the 70 cases previously reported by IHRNGO.
Age: 25
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO

Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Akbar and Mehdi Arabzadeh are two brothers from Isfahan. They were arrested at their family home on 10 January and held by the intelligence services for three months. They have been sentenced to death on charges of moharebeh (enmity against God) by the Revolutionary Court. The exact acts they are accused of committing are unclear. The brothers’ case is currently under review at the Supreme Court.
Age: 24
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh through the destruction of public property
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Arash Ahmadi is an Isfahan resident who was arrested at his home on 15 January. Held in the Ministry of Intelligence detention centre for two months, Arash was subjected to intense pressure and torture, which resulted in a broken arm.
An informed source told IHRNGO: “Arash refused to accept the allegation that he had set fire to public property or burnt the Islamic Republic’s flag, maintaining that he was not the person with their face covered in the CCTV footage used as evidence against him.”
On 28 April, Arash was sentenced to 13 years imprisonment which he appealed and was granted a retrial at a court of equal standing. “The retrial lasted less than ten minutes. Arash testified to being tortured and having his arm broken, but the judge ignored his defence arguments and sentenced him to death instead,” the source added. Arash was sentenced to death on the charge of moharebeh through the destruction of public property and notified of the verdict on 9 August. His case is currently pending review before the Supreme Court.
Age: 24
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh with intent to incite protests and action against national security
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Sepehr Amirzadeh is a musician who taught music classes and enjoyed working out at the local gym. He was originally from Ramhormoz and resided in Isfahan. He was arrested at his home on 15 January and held incommunicado for three months. Sepehr was sentenced to death in late July by Branch 5 of the Isfahan Revolutionary Court. He was convicted of moharebeh with intent to incite protests and acting against national security. His case is currently under review by the Supreme Court.
Age: 43
Prison: Isfahan Dolat Abad Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
The following ten individuals are among 16 defendants in the 'Shohada Square' case (named after a protest location in Isfahan) who were sentenced to death. The charges against them include moharebeh and complicity in moharebeh (a charge that has no legal basis under Iranian law) related, amongst other accusations, to the deaths of an IRGC officer and an unhoused individual. The hearings were held at Branch 1 of the Isfahan Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Barati. However, according to an informed IHRNGO source: “The verdict was issued and signed by a judge who was not present during the trial proceedings.”
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 20
Prison: Isfahan Dolat Abad Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Isfahan Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
TEHRAN & ALBORZ PROVINCE
Age: 38
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz through arson of IRGC base
Status: On 17 August, it was reported that Branch 9 of the Supreme Court had overturned his sentence and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 51
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz through arson of IRGC base
Status: On 17 August, it was reported that Branch 9 of the Supreme Court had overturned his sentence and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz through arson of IRGC base
Status: On 17 August, it was reported that Branch 9 of the Supreme Court had overturned his sentence and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 50
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and operational action in support of monarchist group affiliated with Israel
Status: On 17 August, it was reported that Branch 9 of the Supreme Court had overturned his sentence and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: Officially reported
Age: 19
Prison: Unclear
Charges: Operational action against national security and participation in killing two security forces
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: Officially reported
Age: 17
Prison: Unclear
Charges: Operational action against national security and participation in killing two security forces
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: Officially reported
Age: 17
Prison: Unclear
Charges: Operational action against national security and participation in killing two security forces
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: Officially reported
Age: 42
Prison: Evin Prison
Charges: Moharebeh through arson of public property
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unclear
Charges: Operational action for the United States
Status: On 22 May, it was reported that her sentence was overturned by the Supreme Court and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Operational action for the United States
Status: His appeal was reportedly rejected by the Supreme Court on 12 September.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Operational action for the United States
Status: In July, it was reported that his sentence was overturned by the Supreme Court and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Operational action for the United States
Status: In July, it was reported that his sentence was overturned by the Supreme Court and referred the case to a court of equal standing for retrial.
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 45
Prison: Unknown
Charges: Complicity in operational actions against national security on behalf of Israel, the United States, and hostile groups, as well as the destruction and arson of sacred religious sites
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: Officially reported
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unknown
Charges: Collaboration with Israel
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Tavaana
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unknown
Charges: Collaboration with Israel
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Tavaana
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Moharebeh through arson of public property
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: HRANA
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Participation in the murder of two security forces
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: HRANA
Age: Unknown
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Collaboration with Israel and destruction of public property
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
Age: 26
Prison: Greater Tehran Prison
Charges: Operational and security action against the government
Status: Sentenced upheld
Source: Lawyer
In an interview with Emtedad on 31 August, Payam Derafshan, one of Ali Asghar Peyghambari’s lawyers, stated that his death sentence had been upheld by the Supreme Court. He was sentenced to death by the Tehran Revolutionary Court under the new Law on Intensifying Punishment for Espionage and Cooperation with the Zionist Regime.
According to the lawyer, no organisational or other connection of any kind existed between his client and any “hostile groups” and stressed that “the sole action attributable to him was attending a single protest.” Ali Asghar’s defence team has prepared an appeal and filed an urgent petition requesting a stay of execution to halt the sentence.
Age: 26
Prison: Greater Tehran Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
Age: 33
Prison: Greater Tehran Penitentiary
Charges: Moharebeh through arson of public property
Status: Sentence to death
Source: HRANA
Age: 22
Prison: Ghezelhesar Prison
Charges: Attempted murder by driving vehicle into officers
Status: Sentence to death
Source: HRANA
FARS PROVINCE
Age: 26
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Efsad-fil-arz
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Lawyer
Age: 23
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh through arson of public property and burning a Quran
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 27
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh through arson of public property and burning a Quran
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 29
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Arson of military base and murder of a special unit officer
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 34
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Arson of military base and murder of a special unit officer
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Arson of military base and murder of a special unit officer
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 31
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Efsad-fil-arz (forced to confess to killing a security agent on camera)
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Tavaana
Age: Unknown
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Efsad-fil-arz
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Tavaana
Age: Unknown
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Efsad-fil-arz
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Tavaana
Age: Unknown
Prison: Shiraz Central Prison
Charges: Efsad-fil-arz
Status: Sentence to death
Source: Tavaana
KHORASAN RAZAVI PROVINCE
Age: 29
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
In June, Mohammad Zanganeh, a protester from Mashhad, was sentenced to three years and six months imprisonment on charges of acting against national security. However, before this sentence was officially served, he was summoned to court for a new case. Based on documents submitted to the court and allegedly verified by CCTV footage, the charges involve damaging public property, setting fire to a law enforcement personnel building and inciting participation in protest calls. Mohammad was sentenced to death by Branch 5 of the Mashhad Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Mansouri.
An informed source told IHRNGO: “Mohammad was sentenced to death without access to a lawyer or the opportunity to present a defence, but he denied all the allegations and maintained that none of the charges pertain to him.” Mohammad’s case is currently under review at the Supreme Court.
Age: 23
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Collaboration with Israel
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Mehdi Zarif was arrested at his home in mid-February. He was held under interrogations for three months, during which he was transferred twice to an outside medical centre due to severe psychological torture. He was subsequently sentenced to death for collaborating with Israel by Judge Mansouri. He was denied the right to legal representation, and his case has been forwarded to Branch 9 of the Supreme Court.
Age: 28
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: HRANA
Age: 25
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Contact with hostile states and groups
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
Age: 23
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Action against national security in favour of a banned opposition group
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
Age: Unknown
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced upheld.
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
Age: Unknown
Prison: Mashhad Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA
MARKAZI PROVINCE
Age: 20
Prison: Unknown (arrested in Mahalat)
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unknown (arrested in Mahalat)
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unknown (arrested in Mahalat)
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unknown (arrested in Mahalat)
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
Age: Unknown
Prison: Unknown (arrested in Mahalat)
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
YAZD PROVINCE
Age: 35
Prison: Yazd Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentence upheld
Source: IHRNGO
Age: 33
Prison: Yazd Central Prison
Charges: Unclear (related to death of a security agent)
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Age: Unknown
Prison: Yazd Central Prison
Charges: Arson and destruction of public property with intention to disrupt national security
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
SEMNAN PROVINCE
Age: 27
Prison: Unknown (arrested in relation to Shahroud protests)
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
Age: 18
Prison: Unknown (arrested in relation to Shahroud protests)
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: Follow-up Committee for the Status of Detainees
NORTH KHORASAN PROVINCE
Age: 28
Prison: Bojnourd Prison
Charges: Moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz through the murder of a policeman
Status: Sentence to death
Source: IHRNGO
Heybat Askari was arrested in connection to the protests in Esfarayen/Bojnourd. He was held in the custody of intelligence agencies in Bojnourd for two months and transferred to Bojnourd Prison. On 21 July, Heybat was tried for charges of “moharebeh and efsad-fil-arz
through the murder of a policeman” in Branch 1 of Bojnourd Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Lajevardi. The trial took less than ten minutes. Heybat, who denies the charges and maintains that they are fabricated, was informed that he received the death penalty on 9 August.
GILAN PROVINCE
Age: 28
Prison: Rasht Central Prison
Charges: Unclear
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
ARDABIL PROVINCE
Age: 27
Prison: Ardabil Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
Arian Salemi, a Parsabad native, was arrested at his family home at around 2:00 am on 13 June and held in a Ministry of Intelligence detention centre for three months. On 1 July, he was sentenced to death on charges of moharebeh and leadership of protests. This is while according to his family, “Arian was not in Ardabil at all during the two days of protests, as he was staying at his grandfather’s home in a village.”
ILAM PROVINCE
Age:
Prison: Ilam Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: IHRNGO
QAZVIN PROVINCE
Age: 32
Prison: Qazvin Central Prison
Charges: Moharebeh
Status: Sentenced to death
Source: HRANA